What are the High School Math California Content Standards relevant to Subtest III?
Since the CSET Single Subject Math Credential enables one teach High School Math, it's an extremely profitable exercise to scrutinize the California Department of Education's Math content standards applicable for High School Math teachers. These are expectations for students that every current and prospective Math teacher ought to be familiar with.
The following content standards apply for Subtest III: Calculus / Trigonometry.
TRIGONOMETRY: Trigonometry uses the techniques that students have previously learned from the study of algebra and geometry. The trigonometric functions studied are defined geometrically rather than in terms of algebraic equations. Facility with these functions as well as the ability to prove basic identities regarding them is especially important for students intending to study calculus, more advanced mathematics, physics and other sciences, and engineering in college.
1.0 Students understand the notion of angle and how to measure it, in both degrees and radians. They can convert between degrees and radians.
2.0 Students know the definition of sine and cosine as y- and x- coordinates of points on the unit circle and are familiar with the graphs of the sine and cosine functions.
3.0 Students know the identity cos2 (x) + sin2 (x) = 1:
3.1 Students prove that this identity is equivalent to the Pythagorean theorem (i.e., students can prove this identity by using the Pythagorean theorem and, conversely, they can prove the Pythagorean theorem as a consequence of this identity).
3.2 Students prove other trigonometric identities and simplify others by using the identity cos2 (x) + sin2 (x) = 1. For example, students use this identity to prove that sec2 (x) = tan2 (x) + 1.
4.0 Students graph functions of the form f(t) = A sin (Bt + C ) or f(t) = A cos (Bt + C) and interpret A, B, and C in terms of amplitude, frequency, period, and phase shift.
5.0 Students know the definitions of the tangent and cotangent functions and can graph them.
6.0 Students know the definitions of the secant and cosecant functions and can graph them.
7.0 Students know that the tangent of the angle that a line makes with the x- axis is equal to the slope of the line.
--------------------------------------------------------------
Quick links: Current List of Articles in ARCHIVES, TESTIMONIALS & FEEDBACK and CONTACT ME!
--------------------------------------------------------------
8.0 Students know the definitions of the inverse trigonometric functions and can graph the functions.
9.0 Students compute, by hand, the values of the trigonometric functions and the inverse trigonometric functions at various standard points.
10.0 Students demonstrate an understanding of the addition formulas for sines and cosines and their proofs and can use those formulas to prove and/ or simplify other trigonometric identities.
11.0 Students demonstrate an understanding of half-angle and double-angle formulas for sines and cosines and can use those formulas to prove and/ or simplify other trigonometric identities.
12.0 Students use trigonometry to determine unknown sides or angles in right triangles.
13.0 Students know the law of sines and the law of cosines and apply those laws to solve problems.
14.0 Students determine the area of a triangle, given one angle and the two adjacent sides.
15.0 Students are familiar with polar coordinates. In particular, they can determine polar coordinates of a point given in rectangular coordinates and vice versa.
16.0 Students represent equations given in rectangular coordinates in terms of polar coordinates.
17.0 Students are familiar with complex numbers. They can represent a complex number in polar form and know how to multiply complex numbers in their polar form.
18.0 Students know DeMoivre's theorem and can give n th roots of a complex number given in polar form.
19.0 Students are adept at using trigonometry in a variety of applications and word problems.
--------------------------------------------------------------
Quick links: Current List of Articles in ARCHIVES, TESTIMONIALS & FEEDBACK and CONTACT ME!
--------------------------------------------------------------
CALCULUS: When taught in high school, calculus should be presented with the same level of depth and rigor as are entry-level college and university calculus courses. These standards outline a complete college curriculum in one variable calculus. Many high school programs may have insufficient time to cover all of the following content in a typical academic year. For example, some districts may treat differential equations lightly and spend substantial time on infinite sequences and series. Others may do the opposite. Consideration of the College Board syllabi for the Calculus AB and Calculus BC sections of the Advanced Placement Examination in Mathematics may be helpful in making curricular decisions. Calculus is a widely applied area of mathematics and involves a beautiful intrinsic theory. Students mastering this content will be exposed to both aspects of the subject.
1.0 Students demonstrate knowledge of both the formal definition and the graphical interpretation of limit of values of functions. This knowledge includes one-sided limits, infinite limits, and limits at infinity. Students know the definition of convergence and divergence of a function as the domain variable approaches either a number or infinity:
1.1 Students prove and use theorems evaluating the limits of sums, products, quotients, and composition of functions.
1.2 Students use graphical calculators to verify and estimate limits.
1.3 Students prove and use special limits, such as the limits of (sin(x))/x and (1-cos(x))/x as x tends to 0.
2.0 Students demonstrate knowledge of both the formal definition and the graphical interpretation of continuity of a function.
3.0 Students demonstrate an understanding and the application of the intermediate value theorem and the extreme value theorem.
4.0 Students demonstrate an understanding of the formal definition of the derivative of a function at a point and the notion of differentiability:
4.1 Students demonstrate an understanding of the derivative of a function as the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function.
4.2 Students demonstrate an understanding of the interpretation of the derivative as an instantaneous rate of change. Students can use derivatives to solve a variety of problems from physics, chemistry, economics, and so forth that involve the rate of change of a function.
4.3 Students understand the relation between differentiability and continuity.
4.4 Students derive derivative formulas and use them to find the derivatives of algebraic, trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions.
5.0 Students know the chain rule and its proof and applications to the calculation of the derivative of a variety of composite functions.
6.0 Students find the derivatives of parametrically defined functions and use implicit differentiation in a wide variety of problems in physics, chemistry, economics, and so forth.
7.0 Students compute derivatives of higher orders.
8.0 Students know and can apply Rolle's theorem, the mean value theorem, and L'Hôpital's rule.
--------------------------------------------------------------
Quick links: Current List of Articles in ARCHIVES, TESTIMONIALS & FEEDBACK and CONTACT ME!
--------------------------------------------------------------
9.0 Students use differentiation to sketch, by hand, graphs of functions. They can identify maxima, minima, inflection points, and intervals in which the function is increasing and decreasing.
10.0 Students know Newton's method for approximating the zeros of a function.
11.0 Students use differentiation to solve optimization (maximum-minimum problems) in a variety of pure and applied contexts.
12.0 Students use differentiation to solve related rate problems in a variety of pure and applied contexts.
13.0 Students know the definition of the definite integral by using Riemann sums. They use this definition to approximate integrals.
14.0 Students apply the definition of the integral to model problems in physics, economics, and so forth, obtaining results in terms of integrals.
15.0 Students demonstrate knowledge and proof of the fundamental theorem of calculus and use it to interpret integrals as antiderivatives.
16.0 Students use definite integrals in problems involving area, velocity, acceleration, volume of a solid, area of a surface of revolution, length of a curve, and work.
17.0 Students compute, by hand, the integrals of a wide variety of functions by using techniques of integration, such as substitution, integration by parts, and trigonometric substitution. They can also combine these techniques when appropriate.
--------------------------------------------------------------
Quick links: Current List of Articles in ARCHIVES, TESTIMONIALS & FEEDBACK and CONTACT ME!
--------------------------------------------------------------
18.0 Students know the definitions and properties of inverse trigonometric functions and the expression of these functions as indefinite integrals.
19.0 Students compute, by hand, the integrals of rational functions by combining the techniques in standard 17.0 with the algebraic techniques of partial fractions and completing the square.
20.0 Students compute the integrals of trigonometric functions by using the techniques noted above.
21.0 Students understand the algorithms involved in Simpson's rule and Newton's method. They use calculators or computers or both to approximate integrals numerically.
22.0 Students understand improper integrals as limits of definite integrals.
23.0 Students demonstrate an understanding of the definitions of convergence and divergence of sequences and series of real numbers. By using such tests as the comparison test, ratio test, and alternate series test, they can determine whether a series converges.
24.0 Students understand and can compute the radius (interval) of the convergence of power series.
25.0 Students differentiate and integrate the terms of a power series in order to form new series from known ones.
26.0 Students calculate Taylor polynomials and Taylor series of basic functions, including the remainder term.
27.0 Students know the techniques of solution of selected elementary differential equations and their applications to a wide variety of situations, including growth-and-decay problems.
--------------------------------------------------------------
Quick links: Current List of Articles in ARCHIVES, TESTIMONIALS & FEEDBACK and CONTACT ME!
--------------------------------------------------------------
Hankering for more CSET Math Qs? Click on Need More Practice Questions? To purchase a vast database of Qs that I've compiled from my experience as a test taker and CSET Single Subject Math instructor at Cal State, San Bernardino, email me at innovationguy@yahoo.com. The CSET Qs on this site are taken from that collection of questions!
If you found this site useful, be an evangelist and please spread the word to other CSET Single Subject Math examinees, and make a donation!
Posts
No comments:
Post a Comment